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What laboratory studies, small human studies and case reports actually show about kava interactions.

Kısa ve Öz

Kava can interact with medicines and other central nervous system depressants. Laboratory findings show several possible CYP inhibitions, but small human studies do not confirm one uniform pattern across all enzymes. Alcohol and sedatives in particular should not be self-combined; regular medication warrants individual review.

Sitokrom P450 Sistemi

Sitokrom P450 sistemi (CYP450), karaciğerdeki çoğu ilacın metabolizmasından sorumlu bir enzim ailesidir. Bir madde bu enzimleri inhibe ettiğinde, diğer maddelerin metabolizması yavaşlar – bu, etkilerinin ve yan etkilerinin artmasına neden olabilir.

Bu neden önemlidir?

Many medicines are metabolised by CYP enzymes. An in-vitro finding does not automatically mean clinically relevant inhibition in humans. Preparation, dose, duration and the medicine's therapeutic window determine practical relevance.

Hangi enzimler inhibe ediliyor?

Mathews et al. (2002) tested kava extract and individual kavalactones in human liver microsomes and found inhibition of several CYP enzymes. These are in-vitro findings, not clinical inhibition ratings in humans:

Enzimİnhibe GücüÖnemli Substratlar (Örnekler)
CYP1A2In-vitro findingKafein, Teofilin, Klozapin, Olanzapin
CYP2C9In-vitro findingWarfarin, Fenitoin, NSAID'ler (İbuprofen)
CYP2C19In-vitro findingOmeprazol, Diazepam, Klopidogrel
CYP2D6In-vitro findingKodein, Tramadol, birçok antidepresan
CYP3A4In-vitro findingBenzodiazepinler, Statinler, birçok antibiyotik

Klinik Önemi

Russmann et al. (2005) reported reduced CYP1A2 activity in chronic users of traditional aqueous kava. Gurley et al. (2005; 12 healthy volunteers, 28 days, 138 mg kavalactones/day), by contrast, found reduced CYP2E1 but no significant change in CYP1A2, CYP2D6 or CYP3A4/5. The human findings are small and preparation- and consumption-dependent, so they cannot predict every medicine interaction.

Yüksek Riskli Kombinasyonlar

The following combinations should be avoided or medically reviewed in advance. Reasons differ: some involve additive CNS effects or case reports, while others have only mechanistic signals and no controlled combination trials.

⚠ Alkol

Risiko: AVOID

Concurrent use of kava and alcohol is not recommended:

  • 1.Additive CNS effects: Drowsiness, slower reactions and impaired coordination may increase.
  • 2.Liver risk not quantified: A combined liver risk has not been quantified reliably; the combination is avoided because of this uncertainty.
  • 3.Unpredictable intensity: Product, amount, drinking pattern and individual sensitivity make effects difficult to predict.

Do not use kava and alcohol together. The main practical reason is possible additive impairment of attention, reaction and coordination; the size of any additional liver risk is not reliably established.

⚠ Benzodiazepinler & Uyku İlaçları

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Do not combine benzodiazepines or Z-drugs with kava without medical review:

  • •Additive sedation: Drowsiness and psychomotor impairment may increase.
  • •CNS depression: Clinically relevant potentiation is possible; controlled combination trials are lacking.
  • •Interpret CYP findings: CYP3A4 inhibition was observed in vitro but not consistently confirmed in small human studies.

Vaka Raporu: Almeida & Grimsley (1996) described a semicomatose state in a 54-year-old man after reported kava and alprazolam use. A single case report is a warning signal but does not establish mechanism or frequency.

⚠ Antipsikotikler

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Individual medical review is appropriate before kava use with antipsychotics:

  • •Sedation: Additive drowsiness or psychomotor impairment is possible.
  • •Case reports: Individual reports describe movement disorders; frequency and causality are unclear.
  • •CYP findings: Laboratory inhibition does not reliably predict the level of a specific medicine.

⚠ Antikoagülanlar (Kan Sulandırıcılar)

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Warfarin, phenprocoumon and other anticoagulants require professional review because of their narrow therapeutic window:

  • •Mechanistic signal: CYP2C9 inhibition was observed in vitro; a clinical kava-warfarin interaction has not been established in controlled studies.
  • •Monitor INR: Changes in co-used products should be coordinated with the treating clinician.
  • •Bleeding risk: The baseline risk of anticoagulation makes self-testing inappropriate.

Use kava with anticoagulation only after individual medical review.

Orta Riskli Kombinasyonlar

Aşağıdaki kombinasyonlar dikkat gerektirir ve yalnızca bir doktorla danışarak yapılmalıdır. Doz ayarlaması gerekebilir.

Antidepresanlar

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

SSRI'lar (Fluoksetin, Sertralin, Paroksetin vb.):
  • • Pharmacokinetic interactions may occur depending on the product but are not clinically established as a class
  • • Serotonin syndrome from kava is not established as a typical clinical effect
  • • Additive drowsiness or dizziness are possible
SNRİ'ler (Venlafaksin, Duloksetin):
  • • Direct clinical combination data are limited
  • • Review co-medication individually rather than inferring from in-vitro CYP data
MAO İnhibitörleri:
  • • MAO-B effects of individual kavalactones have been studied preclinically
  • • Pawa et al. (2026) found MAO-A inhibition by flavokawain A in an in-vitro enzyme assay; humans and combination with MAO inhibitors were not studied
  • • Do not self-combine with MAO inhibitors because medicine interactions can be serious
  • • Obtain medical review before use

Antikonvülsanlar (Antiepileptikler)

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Fenitoin, Karbamazepin, Valproat ve diğer antikonvülsanlar:

  • •Pharmacokinetics: Altered levels are possible but cannot be predicted reliably for individual combinations.
  • •CNS effects: Additive drowsiness or coordination problems are possible.
  • •Seizure control: Changes in co-used products belong under professional supervision.

Epilepsi durumunda kava yalnızca doktor gözetiminde kullanılmalıdır.

Parkinson İlaçları

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Levodopa ve Dopamin Agonistleri:

  • •Mechanism unclear: Blanket clinical dopamine antagonism by kava has not been established.
  • •Case reports: Individual reports describe worsening Parkinson symptoms; medical review is therefore needed.

With Parkinson's disease or related medication, use kava only after medical review.

Hepatotoksik İlaçlar

Risiko: ORTA

Bilinen hepatotoksik potansiyele sahip ilaçlar:

  • •Parasetamol/Asitaminofen: Özellikle yüksek dozlarda sorunlu.
  • •Statinler: Atorvastatin, Simvastatin vb. (CYP3A4 substratları)
  • •Metotreksat: Karaciğer toksisitesi olan immünsüpresif.
  • •İsoniazid: Verem ilacı.

Additional liver risk is plausible but not quantified for every combination. Potentially hepatotoxic medication requires individual medical review.

Etkileşimlerin Genel Tablosu

Maddenin SınıfıÖrneklerRiskMekanizma
AlkolEthanolAVOIDPossible additive sedation and impaired coordination; liver risk not quantified
BenzodiazepinlerDiazepam, Lorazepam, AlprazolamPROFESSIONAL REVIEWPossible additive CNS depression; one case report, no controlled combination trials
AntipsikotiklerHaloperidol, Olanzapin, KlozapinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWSedation or interactions possible; direct clinical data limited
AntikoagülanlarWarfarin, FenprocoumonPROFESSIONAL REVIEWNo controlled kava interaction established; narrow therapeutic window
SSRI'larFluoksetin, Sertralin, ParoksetinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWPossible sedation or pharmacokinetics; no established kava serotonin syndrome
AntikonvülsanlarFenitoin, KarbamazepinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWPossible additive CNS effects and unpredictable pharmacokinetics
Parkinson İlaçlarıLevodopa, Dopamin AgonistleriPROFESSIONAL REVIEWCase reports of symptom worsening; no blanket dopamine antagonism established
StatinlerAtorvastatin, SimvastatinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWDirect clinical interaction data are lacking; review liver and medication context
OpioidlerKodein, Tramadol, MorfinAVOID / REVIEWPossible additive CNS depression
KafeinKahve, Enerji İçecekleriCAUTIONHuman CYP1A2 findings are small and inconsistent

Pratik Öneriler

Kava Tüketmeden Önce Kontrol Listesi

  • 1.
    İlaç Listesini Kontrol Edin

    Tüm mevcut ilaçları etkileşimler açısından kontrol edin.

  • 2.
    Doktorla Danışın

    Düzenli ilaç kullanıyorsanız, kava tüketmeden önce doktor tavsiyesi alın.

  • 3.
    Alkolden Kaçının

    Do not use kava and alcohol together. The main practical reason is possible additive impairment of attention, reaction and coordination; the size of any additional liver risk is not reliably established.

  • 4.
    Düşük Dozda Başlayın

    Do not experiment with a self-selected lower kava dose while taking medicines; obtain professional review of the combination.

  • 5.
    Semptomları İzleyin

    Alışılmadık yorgunluk, baş dönmesi veya diğer semptomlara dikkat edin.

Güvenlik Bölümünde Devam Et

Araştırmalara dayalı

Christopher McCurdy

University of Florida College of Pharmacy

Profili görüntüle →

Katkılarıyla

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Bilimsel Kaynaklar

Bu sayfadaki bilgiler aşağıdaki bilimsel çalışmalar ve yayınlara dayanmaktadır:

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) Is the Principal Enzyme Responsible for Urethane Metabolism

Hoffler U., El-Masri H.A., Ghanayem B.I. (2003) – Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Çalışmayı görüntüle

Kava: From Ethnology to Pharmacology

Yadhu N. Singh (Editor) (2004) – CRC Press

Çalışmayı görüntüle
Last updated: 18 Mart 2026•New study added