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Interakce s léky

What laboratory studies, small human studies and case reports actually show about kava interactions.

Krátce a jasně

Kava can interact with medicines and other central nervous system depressants. Laboratory findings show several possible CYP inhibitions, but small human studies do not confirm one uniform pattern across all enzymes. Alcohol and sedatives in particular should not be self-combined; regular medication warrants individual review.

Systém cytochromu P450

Systém cytochromu P450 (CYP450) je rodina enzymů v játrech, které jsou zodpovědné za metabolismus většiny léků. Když látka inhibuje tyto enzymy, jiné látky se metabolizují pomaleji – jejich účinek a vedlejší účinky se tím mohou zesílit.

Proč je to důležité?

Many medicines are metabolised by CYP enzymes. An in-vitro finding does not automatically mean clinically relevant inhibition in humans. Preparation, dose, duration and the medicine's therapeutic window determine practical relevance.

Které enzymy jsou inhibovány?

Mathews et al. (2002) tested kava extract and individual kavalactones in human liver microsomes and found inhibition of several CYP enzymes. These are in-vitro findings, not clinical inhibition ratings in humans:

EnzymSíla inhibiceDůležitá substráty (příklady)
CYP1A2In-vitro findingKofein, teofylin, klozapin, olanzapin
CYP2C9In-vitro findingWarfarin, fenytoin, NSAID (ibuprofen)
CYP2C19In-vitro findingOmeprazol, diazepam, klopidogrel
CYP2D6In-vitro findingKodein, tramadol, mnoho antidepresiv
CYP3A4In-vitro findingBenzodiazepiny, statiny, mnoho antibiotik

Klinický význam

Russmann et al. (2005) reported reduced CYP1A2 activity in chronic users of traditional aqueous kava. Gurley et al. (2005; 12 healthy volunteers, 28 days, 138 mg kavalactones/day), by contrast, found reduced CYP2E1 but no significant change in CYP1A2, CYP2D6 or CYP3A4/5. The human findings are small and preparation- and consumption-dependent, so they cannot predict every medicine interaction.

Vysokorizikové kombinace

The following combinations should be avoided or medically reviewed in advance. Reasons differ: some involve additive CNS effects or case reports, while others have only mechanistic signals and no controlled combination trials.

Alkohol

Risiko: AVOID

Concurrent use of kava and alcohol is not recommended:

  • 1.Additive CNS effects: Drowsiness, slower reactions and impaired coordination may increase.
  • 2.Liver risk not quantified: A combined liver risk has not been quantified reliably; the combination is avoided because of this uncertainty.
  • 3.Unpredictable intensity: Product, amount, drinking pattern and individual sensitivity make effects difficult to predict.

Do not use kava and alcohol together. The main practical reason is possible additive impairment of attention, reaction and coordination; the size of any additional liver risk is not reliably established.

Benzodiazepiny a sedativa

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Do not combine benzodiazepines or Z-drugs with kava without medical review:

  • Additive sedation: Drowsiness and psychomotor impairment may increase.
  • CNS depression: Clinically relevant potentiation is possible; controlled combination trials are lacking.
  • Interpret CYP findings: CYP3A4 inhibition was observed in vitro but not consistently confirmed in small human studies.

Případová zpráva: Almeida & Grimsley (1996) described a semicomatose state in a 54-year-old man after reported kava and alprazolam use. A single case report is a warning signal but does not establish mechanism or frequency.

Antipsychotika

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Individual medical review is appropriate before kava use with antipsychotics:

  • Sedation: Additive drowsiness or psychomotor impairment is possible.
  • Case reports: Individual reports describe movement disorders; frequency and causality are unclear.
  • CYP findings: Laboratory inhibition does not reliably predict the level of a specific medicine.

Antikoagulancia (ředidla krve)

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Warfarin, phenprocoumon and other anticoagulants require professional review because of their narrow therapeutic window:

  • Mechanistic signal: CYP2C9 inhibition was observed in vitro; a clinical kava-warfarin interaction has not been established in controlled studies.
  • Monitor INR: Changes in co-used products should be coordinated with the treating clinician.
  • Bleeding risk: The baseline risk of anticoagulation makes self-testing inappropriate.

Use kava with anticoagulation only after individual medical review.

Kombinace se středním rizikem

Následující kombinace vyžadují opatrnost a měly by být prováděny pouze po konzultaci s lékařem. Úprava dávky může být nutná.

Antidepresiva

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

SSRI (fluoxetin, sertralin, paroxetin atd.):
  • Pharmacokinetic interactions may occur depending on the product but are not clinically established as a class
  • Serotonin syndrome from kava is not established as a typical clinical effect
  • Additive drowsiness or dizziness are possible
SNRIs (venlafaxin, duloxetin):
  • Direct clinical combination data are limited
  • Review co-medication individually rather than inferring from in-vitro CYP data
Inhibitory MAO:
  • MAO-B effects of individual kavalactones have been studied preclinically
  • Pawa et al. (2026) found MAO-A inhibition by flavokawain A in an in-vitro enzyme assay; humans and combination with MAO inhibitors were not studied
  • Do not self-combine with MAO inhibitors because medicine interactions can be serious
  • Obtain medical review before use

Antikonvulziva (antiepileptika)

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Fenytoin, karbamazepin, valproát a další antikonvulziva:

  • Pharmacokinetics: Altered levels are possible but cannot be predicted reliably for individual combinations.
  • CNS effects: Additive drowsiness or coordination problems are possible.
  • Seizure control: Changes in co-used products belong under professional supervision.

Při epilepsii by měla být Kava používána pouze pod lékařským dohledem.

Léky na Parkinsonovu chorobu

Risiko: PROFESSIONAL REVIEW

Levodopa a dopaminoví agonisté:

  • Mechanism unclear: Blanket clinical dopamine antagonism by kava has not been established.
  • Case reports: Individual reports describe worsening Parkinson symptoms; medical review is therefore needed.

With Parkinson's disease or related medication, use kava only after medical review.

Hepatotoxické léky

Risiko: STŘEDNÍ

Léky s známým hepatotoxickým potenciálem:

  • Paracetamol/acetaminofen: Zvláště problematické při vyšších dávkách
  • Statiny: Atorvastatin, simvastatin atd. (substráty CYP3A4)
  • Methotrexát: Imunosupresivum s hepatotoxicitou
  • Isoniazid: Lék na tuberkulózu

Additional liver risk is plausible but not quantified for every combination. Potentially hepatotoxic medication requires individual medical review.

Přehledová tabulka interakcí

Třída látekPříkladyRizikoMechanismus
AlkoholEthanolAVOIDPossible additive sedation and impaired coordination; liver risk not quantified
BenzodiazepinyDiazepam, lorazepam, alprazolamPROFESSIONAL REVIEWPossible additive CNS depression; one case report, no controlled combination trials
AntipsychotikaHaloperidol, olanzapin, klozapinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWSedation or interactions possible; direct clinical data limited
AntikoagulanciaWarfarin, fenprokumonPROFESSIONAL REVIEWNo controlled kava interaction established; narrow therapeutic window
SSRIFluoxetin, sertralin, paroxetinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWPossible sedation or pharmacokinetics; no established kava serotonin syndrome
AntikonvulzivaFenytoin, karbamazepinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWPossible additive CNS effects and unpredictable pharmacokinetics
Léky na Parkinsonovu chorobuLevodopa, dopaminoví agonistéPROFESSIONAL REVIEWCase reports of symptom worsening; no blanket dopamine antagonism established
StatinyAtorvastatin, simvastatinPROFESSIONAL REVIEWDirect clinical interaction data are lacking; review liver and medication context
OpioidyKodein, tramadol, morfinAVOID / REVIEWPossible additive CNS depression
KofeinKáva, energetické nápojeCAUTIONHuman CYP1A2 findings are small and inconsistent

Praktická doporučení

Kontrolní seznam před konzumací Kavy

  • 1.
    Zkontrolujte seznam léků

    Zkontrolujte všechny aktuální léky na interakce

  • 2.
    Konzultujte lékaře

    Při pravidelném užívání léků vyhledejte lékařskou radu před konzumací Kavy

  • 3.
    Vyhněte se alkoholu

    Do not use kava and alcohol together. The main practical reason is possible additive impairment of attention, reaction and coordination; the size of any additional liver risk is not reliably established.

  • 4.
    Dávku snižte

    Do not experiment with a self-selected lower kava dose while taking medicines; obtain professional review of the combination.

  • 5.
    Sledujte příznaky

    Dávejte pozor na neobvyklou únavu, závratě nebo jiné příznaky

Pokračovat v kapitole Bezpečnost

Na základě studií

Christopher McCurdy

University of Florida College of Pharmacy

Zobrazit profil

S příspěvky od

Toto wiki je kurátorský zdroj, který syntetizuje výzkum z recenzovaných studií a odborných výzkumných pracovníků. Nebylo napsáno výzkumnými pracovníky uvedenými výše, ale spíše je založeno na jejich publikované práci.

Vědecké zdroje

Informace na této stránce vycházejí z následujících vědeckých studií a publikací:

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) Is the Principal Enzyme Responsible for Urethane Metabolism

Hoffler U., El-Masri H.A., Ghanayem B.I. (2003) – Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Zobrazit studii

Kava: From Ethnology to Pharmacology

Yadhu N. Singh (Editor) (2004) – CRC Press

Zobrazit studii
Last updated: 18. března 2026New study added